As magma cools and solidifies, it forms. This could occur beneath the top of Earth or at the surface of the Earth. Here are some incredible Facts About Igneous Rocks that you should surely teach your children.
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Facts About Igneous Rocks:
- Many mountains are made of igneous rocks.
- Mountains that have a lot of igneous rocks surrounding it could be volcanic.
- The moon of the Earth is composed of rock igneous.
- Pumice rock may float when placed in water.
- Pumice does not consist of minerals that have been reconstituted but are a form of glass.
- Pumice is often used in soaps of various kinds.
- Obsidian is not only a look like glass. It is a form of glass.
- Basalt has been discovered on a variety of planets, including Venus as well as Mars.
- Certain roads are lined with basalt due to it being so durable.
- Granite is named granite because it contains tiny pieces made of quartz and feldspar, which remain inside it.
- Granite comes in a variety of shades.
- Egyptians utilized granite for carving sculptures of the pharaohs.
- A lot of countertops in our kitchens use granite.
- Extrusive rocks can also be referred to as volcanic rocks.
- Igneous rock forms when magma is cooled and solidifies. It can do this either above or below the surface of Earth.
- Magma can be pressed to form rocks or blown away by volcanic explosions or pushed to the surface by lavas.
- The molecules and atoms of melting minerals compose magma.
- These molecules and atoms change their arrangement into mineral grains as magma gets cooler, creating rock as the minerals grains grow.
- There are more than 700 types of igneous rock.
- The most common igneous rocks are pumice, basalt, granite obsidian, tuff gabbro, diorite, and andesite.
- Basalt is a metamorphic rock granulite after being exposed to extreme pressure and heat for a period of the course of time (metamorphism).
- Granite is a popular rock that contains 25 percent quartz. It is often used in construction due to its strength.
- Pumice is a unique and light-weight rock formed by the rapid molten rock expelled from a volcano It forms bubbles as it rapidly loses pressure and cools simultaneously.
- Obsidian is a kind of volcanic glass that forms rapidly without the growth of crystals. It can be very sharp with sharp edges, making it ideal as a cutting tool or an arrowhead.
- Tuff can be described as a stone created out of volcanic Ash.
- The upper part of the crust of the Earth is composed of approximately 95% igneous rocks.
- Learn more about these sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks, various minerals, rocks, and fossils.
- Create a fossil casting or browse the class on the rock classification program.
Also, read Facts About Rocks And Minerals
Where Does the Word Igneous Come From?
The word”ignored” is an expression in Latin that is a reference to a fire.
The word that is used can be referred to as “ignis.” The word “ignis” means fire because the igneous rocks are made by lava that becomes hard, cools, and then turns into magma.
Magma
Magma is lava that flows from a volcano. If the lava is inside the volcano, it’s called lava. But once it has left the opening in the volcano, it’s named magma.
Magma can be incorporated into rocks and be a cover over an area. Magma can reach temperatures up to 700 degrees Celsius and 1330 degrees Celsius.
What is Magma Made Of?
Magma is composed of various molecules and mineral atoms that have been melted.
As the magma cools, the molecules and atoms transform from liquid to a solid-state, and the mineral expands, creating it into the rock magma.
The Earth’s Crust
The Earth’s crust is composed of a large amount of Igneous rock. Some scientists consider that the crust is composed of 95% igneous rock.
Because lava can develop either above or below the Earth, the crust is made up of the igneous rock formed beneath the surface.
Intrusive Rocks
When the rocks start beneath the surface, they are referred to as intrusive rocks.
Extrusive Rocks
If a rock cools at the top of Earth, this is known as the extrusive rock.
How Do Igneous Rocks Form?
If the lava is liquid and then transforms into a solid, it’s also known as crystallization. The minerals in these rocks grow larger, and the crystals expand until they can hit other crystals.
If enough crystals are formed together, they are not separated from one another and form intrusive Igneous rocks.
These are coarse crystals, meaning that they contain mineral crystals that aid in their ability to create. Sometimes, when looking at intrusive rocks, they observe crystals that have developed. There are a variety of shades, such as:
- Pink
- White
- Black
- Grey
If you examine the rock and see crystals, you are studying a rock that is intrusive igneous rock.
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How Do Extrusive Igneous Rocks Form?
If the lava is heated and cools, we can see it transform into solid. When an intrusive igneous stone is formed, the lava cools slowly. However, cooling takes place very rapidly when it comes to extrusive rock.
If you examine an extrusive igneous stone, there aren’t any crystals as they are extremely small. The kind of igneous rock that forms is determined by the speed or slowness at which the lava cools down.
Minerals of Igneous Rocks
There are a variety of minerals that make up igneous rock. A few of them are:
- Oxides
- Quartz
- Feldspars
- Micas
- Amphiboles
- Olivine’s
- Pyroxenes
How Many Different Igneous Rocks Are There?
There are over 700 different types of igneous rock. They include:
- Gabbro
- Andesite
- Pumice
- Obsidian
- Tuff
- Diorite
- Granite
- Basalt
- Kimberlite
- Olivine Basalt
- Rhyolite
- Gabbro
Basalt
Basalt is a kind of rock that is igneous. When basalt experiences an abundance of heat and lots of pressure, It transforms from an igneous rock into metamorphic rocks. This is known as metamorphism.
Tuff
Tuff is yet another type of igneous rock. Tuff forms when volcanic Ash transforms into rock.
Granite
It is an igneous stone that contains quartz. It is extremely durable, and it is utilized to build things.
Pumice
Pumice is a kind of igneous rock that is weak and not very durable. It forms by blowing molten rock rapidly out of the volcano, and bubbles form.
The bubbles are cooled quickly and are not subject to any pressure. As they cool, they form pumice. When you examine the pumice, there are bubbles inside it. It is an extremely hard rock. Easily broken.
Obsidian
An Obsidian is an igneous stone made of volcanic rock that formed quickly. Crystals form over it. This makes it well-defined.
It is also referred to as volcanic glass since it’s transparent and looks similar to glass. This kind of rock could be used in the making of weapons due to its sharpness it is.
Chemical Types of Igneous Rocks
There are two kinds of the rocks called igneous, determined by the elements they consist of:
- The term “felsic” refers to lighter rocks of igneous origin. Examples of felsic igneous rocks include sodium, silicon, and potassium.
- Mafic-These types of igneous rocks are rich in magnesium and iron.
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Why Are Igneous Rocks Important?
Igneous rocks are crucial because they can tell the age of the planet. In addition, many of the plates of tectonics that move are composed of igneous rocks.
Another reason why rock formation is important to igneous rocks is that they contain valuable mineral ores. The mineral ores present in igneous rock include:
- Platinum
- Chromium
- Tungsten
- Tin
- Uranium
